The target behaviors involved tasks associated with the supported workers' daily breaks, during which they had a light snack or an opportunity to engage in a leisure activity (Wade only).
The purpose of this study was to document and then decrease reactivity during observations of staff performance following completion of a staff-training program.īehavior Definitions and Observation System Although some studies have attempted to include controls for reactivity ( Fleming & Sulzer-Azaroff, 1992 Parsons, Rollyson, & Reid, 2004 Shore et al., 1995), the extent to which such procedures actually affect staff reactivity has not been examined experimentally in typical staff training and management research. A number of authors have acknowledged possible limitations in studies on staff behavior due to the potential reactivity of observations ( Fleming & Sulzer-Azaroff, 1992 Shore, Lerman, Smith, Iwata, & DeLeon, 1995).ĭespite concerns over reactivity, as well as experimental evidence indicating that it can be an obstacle when evaluating staff behavior ( Reid, Parsons, Green, & Schepis, 1991), little attention has been directed to reactivity as a dependent variable. Reactivity, which refers to the influence that an observation procedure exerts on behavior ( Kazdin, 1979), is a problematic and continuing concern in research on staff performance ( Ivancic & Helsel, 1998).
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